Amphitheatre, Warsaw

The Amphitheatre, found within the Royal Łazienki Park in Warsaw, is a remarkable historical structure that distinguishes itself from other amphitheatres in Europe. It combines elements of ancient ruins with the purpose of an open-air theater, making it a truly unique architectural treasure. This amphitheater is a rare example of an 18th-century European garden theater designed in the ancient Roman style.

Situated near the south pond of the Royal Łazienki Park, the amphitheater's stage is located on an island within the pond. The current structure we see today dates back to the years 1790–93 when it underwent a redesign by Johann Chrystian Kammsetzer, a royal architect from Dresden. Prior to this redesign in the 1780s, there was a makeshift earthen amphitheater at the same location, covered by a canvas roof supported by poles.

The design of the amphitheater is characterized by a semi-circular stone auditorium connected to the stage by a water channel. The stage itself is surrounded by a composition that incorporates elements of Roman architecture, as well as artificial signs of decay to evoke the ambiance of ancient ruins.

The Amphitheatre was designed to accommodate large audiences, with a seating capacity of nearly a thousand spectators. Its grand opening took place on the anniversary of the election of King Stanisław August, celebrated on 7 September 1791. The inaugural performance featured a historical ballet titled "Cleopatra," which was particularly well-suited for the waterside setting.

During the reign of Stanisław August, the attic of the Amphitheatre's auditorium was adorned with sixteen statues of renowned playwrights. Unfortunately, these statues deteriorated over time and were removed in the 1920s. In their place now stand eight sculptures of poets created by Stanisław Jakubowski, giving the impression that they are part of the audience, observing the performances from the back row.