Bagmati River, Kathmandu

The Bagmati River, a significant watercourse flowing through the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal, holds great importance as a symbol of the nation's cultural and spiritual heritage. It runs between Kathmandu and Patan, marking the boundaries of these ancient cities before winding through the Madesh Province of southern Nepal, eventually merging with the Kamla River in Bihar, India. This river is more than just a geographical landmark; it is considered sacred by both Hindus and Buddhists, evidenced by the numerous temples lining its banks, which affirm its religious significance.

The Bagmati River's sacred nature is particularly evident in Hindu rituals concerning death and the afterlife. It plays a vital role in funeral rites, where Hindus are cremated along its banks. Tradition dictates that the deceased should be immersed in the Bagmati three times before cremation, with the primary mourner, usually the eldest son, responsible for lighting the funeral pyre and purifying themselves in the river's waters afterward. Many mourners also bathe in the river or use its water for spiritual purification.

In addition to its religious significance, the Bagmati River is integral to the narrative of Nepalese civilization and urban development. Historical texts and inscriptions dating back to AD 477 mention the river by various names such as Vaggumuda, Nandabagga, and Bahumati, highlighting its enduring importance in the region's history and culture. These references emphasize the Bagmati's role not only as a geographical feature but also as a vital resource for the communities it sustains, embodying the essence of Nepalese identity and spirituality.