Bibliotheque Schœlcher (Schoelcher Library), Fort-de-France (must see)

The Schoelcher Library is renowned for its elaborate architecture and rich historical significance. This magnificent building, characterized by its vibrant colors and distinctive Byzantine dome, holds a special place in the cultural heritage of Martinique.

Constructed in Paris and originally showcased at the 1889 World Exposition, the Schoelcher Library was later dismantled, shipped piece by piece to Fort-de-France, and reassembled at its current location. The architectural masterpiece is the creation of Pierre-Henri Picq (1833–1911), the renowned architect responsible for designing several iconic structures in Fort-de-France, including the cathedral and covered market.

Beyond its striking exterior, the Schoelcher Library boasts an ornate interior, reflecting the grandeur of its original design. However, visitors should note that photography is not permitted inside the building, as it serves as a working library where students frequently gather to study and write essays.

The library owes its name and founding purpose to Victor Schœlcher, a prominent abolitionist and former deputy for Martinique and Guadeloupe from 1848 to 1850. Single and childless, Schœlcher bequeathed his extensive collection of 10,000 books and 250 musical scores to the general council of Martinique, stipulating that the library be open to all, particularly for the education of former black slaves. He also appointed Victor Cochinat, a Parisian journalist and secretary to Alexandre Dumas, as the library's first assigned librarian.

Despite facing challenges, such as the great fire of Fort-de-France in 1890, which destroyed a significant portion of the library's collection, including a copy of Victor Hugo's "Quatrevingt-treize" autographed by the author, the Schoelcher Library persevered. Today, it houses a diverse array of literary treasures, including rare manuscripts, historical documents such as the Code Noir, and navigation treatises dating back to the 17th century.