Chor-Minor Madrasa, Bukhara (must see)

Chor-Minor, also known as the Madrasa of Khalif Niyaz-kul, is a captivating architectural gem. This historic gatehouse, once part of a madrasa that no longer exists, holds great cultural and historical significance. It is nestled in a charming lane northeast of the Lyab-i Hauz complex and is recognized as a cultural heritage monument, forming part of the prestigious World Heritage Site, the Historic Centre of Bukhara.

The name Chor-Minor translates to "four minarets" in Persian, aptly describing the building's unique features. Constructed in 1807 during the rule of the Manghit dynasty, this remarkable structure was the brainchild of Khalif Niyaz-kul, a prosperous Bukharan of Turkmen origin. The focal point of the edifice is the mosque, showcasing a typical Central Asian interior. The cupola of the mosque not only enhances the architectural beauty but also provides excellent acoustics, making it a designated space for Sufi 'dhikr-hana' ceremonies. These spiritual rituals often involve recitation, singing, and instrumental music.

The central edifice of Chor-Minor is flanked by dwelling rooms, some of which have unfortunately collapsed over time, leaving behind only their foundations as a testament to their existence. Adjacent to the Char-Minar, visitors will find a tranquil pool, likely dating back to the same period as the rest of the building complex. Today, Chor-Minor finds itself surrounded by small houses and shops, creating a unique blend of architectural heritage and bustling everyday life.

The towers of Chor-Minor, despite their name, were not originally intended as minarets. Instead, three of them were utilized for storage purposes, while the fourth tower features a staircase leading to the top floor. Each tower boasts distinct decorative motifs, which reflect a fascinating fusion of cultural influences. Observers can identify elements reminiscent of a cross, a Christian fish motif, a Buddhist praying-wheel, alongside Zoroastrian and Islamic motifs. The domes crowning the towers are adorned with exquisite blue ceramic tiles, adding an enchanting touch to the overall aesthetic.