Former Geological Survey of Canada Building, Ottawa

The Former Geological Survey of Canada Building is a historic three-story structure situated at the intersection of Sussex Drive and George Street in Ottawa's Byward Market area. It was originally occupied by the Geological Survey of Canada and has been recognized as a National Historic Site due to its age and significance. Throughout its history, the building has housed various public and cultural institutions.

The George Street wing of the building was built in 1863 by businessmen James Skead and Edward Griffen. It was initially Skead's Hotel, but Griffen later sold his share. The building became the George Street Barracks and served as a military barracks from 1864 to 1871. After a period of vacancy, it was purchased in 1875 by William Mills, a restaurateur, and operated briefly as the Clarendon House Hotel.

In 1879, Canada acquired the property for the Geological Survey of Canada. It also hosted the first exhibition of the Canadian Academy of Arts in 1880, which became the National Gallery of Canada's initial collection. The building underwent renovations that year to accommodate the Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada's offices and museum. The museum attracted 9,549 visitors in its first year, contributing to the development of Canada's national museums.