Foro Italico (Italian Forum), Palermo

Italian Forum (Foro Italico) in Palermo, also known as the Promenade of the Marina, is a significant green space located on the seafront of Palermo, extending from Cala to Villa Giulia in the Kalsa district. This area holds historical importance due to its urban transformations over the centuries.

Commissioned in 1582 by the viceroy Marco Antonio Colonna, the original structure of the seafront remained unchanged until 1734 when it was expanded and beautified, becoming a popular leisure destination for the citizens of Palermo. During the Bourbon rule, it was referred to as the Bourbon Forum. In 1848, the Sicilian Parliament renamed it the Italian Forum, and following the assassination of King Umberto I in 1900, the area was briefly named in his honor, although it is still commonly known as Italian Forum.

Italian Forum suffered significant damage during World War II, leaving it neglected and abandoned for many years. It wasn't until the late 1990s and early 2000s that restoration efforts began, revitalizing the area and restoring its coastal charm through a comprehensive redevelopment plan.

Architecturally, the Italian Forum features distinctive elements such as the bollards designed by architect Italo Rota. These bollards, which separate the lawn from the cycle path, are inspired by the fifteenth-century bust of Eleanor of Aragon by Laurana and are painted with phosphorescent streaks resembling children's skittles. The area also includes unique sofa benches arranged in imaginary rooms facing the sea, and totems along the central path adorned with colorful or golden elements, masks, and decorations reflecting maritime culture.

Today, the Italian Forum stands as a testament to Palermo's rich history and cultural heritage, offering a scenic and historical promenade for locals and visitors alike.