Fortaleza del Cerro (Hill Fortress), Montevideo

The Hill Fortress (Fortaleza del Cerro), also known as General Artigas Fortress, is a historic fortress located in Montevideo. It is perched atop Montevideo Hill (Cerro de Montevideo), the highest hill in the department, standing at an elevation of 134 meters above sea level. This strategic location provides a commanding view over the Bay of Montevideo and is situated within the Casabó neighborhood, west of Villa del Cerro.

Constructed on the orders of Governor Francisco Javier de Elío, the fortress was initiated in 1809 during a turbulent period marked by Spanish colonial interests. It was completed three decades later, in 1839, marking the last Spanish fort built on Uruguayan soil. The primary purpose of the Hill Fortress was to protect the inhabitants of Montevideo and its crucial port on the Río de la Plata from naval threats.

In 1916, the fort was repurposed to house the Military Museum, showcasing a variety of exhibits related to Uruguay's military history. Recognized for its historical value, it was declared a National Monument in 1931. Today, the Hill Fortress remains an important cultural landmark and a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors who come to explore its rich history and enjoy panoramic views of Montevideo and its surroundings.