Fortress Fortica, Hvar (must see)

Hvar Fortress, commonly known as "Fortica" or "Spanish Fortress Hvar," is an iconic attraction in Hvar, Croatia, and an absolute must-visit. It stands as the most recognizable symbol of Hvar town. The fortress's origins can be traced back to the early 16th century, and it underwent significant renovations in 1579.

The foundations of Hvar Fortress rest upon ancient fortifications dating back to the first half of the first millennium BC. Byzantine forts were constructed in the 6th century, and the modern fortress's development began in 1282 during Venetian rule. Its construction was protracted, often supported by the proceeds from salt sales.

This fortress is a complex architectural marvel due to the irregular terrain it occupies. It comprised four towers, revelines, battlements, a loophole, a gunpowder building, one large and one smaller water tank, a crew room, a jail, and even a chapel. Together with the city walls, the fortress creates a formidable stronghold.

Construction began in 1278 when Hvar was under Venetian rule, although archaeological findings suggest that fortified structures may have existed there earlier. In 1551, a new fortress was erected on the site of the ancient fortification. Just two decades later, during the harrowing Turkish attack of 1571, local residents sought refuge and protection within its walls. However, in 1579, a thunderbolt struck the gunpowder depot, causing a devastating explosion and extensive damage. Restoration efforts did not commence until the early 17th century, under the rule of Prince Pietro Semitecolo. During this period, the Baroque bastions were added. In 1775-1776, during the reign of Maria Theresa, the Austrians constructed barracks within the fortress.

Today, Hvar Fortress houses a small museum featuring an impressive collection of amphoras, providing visitors with an opportunity to delve into the historical treasures of this remarkable site.