Golden Gate, Istanbul

The Golden Gate in Istanbul is an impressive reminder of the city's deep history from the Byzantine era. Located on the city's old walls' south-north line, it's the first gate you come across when moving in that direction. The Golden Gate was mainly used for grand ceremonies, like welcoming emperors back from wars, crownings, and occasionally, very special guests, including a few visits from popes in the years 519, 868, and a notable one from Pope Constantine in 710.

As the Byzantine Empire's military strength declined, changes were made to the gate; it was eventually sealed off and made smaller, turning into a sort of fortress. The Golden Gate didn't just leave a mark on Istanbul; it inspired the construction of similar grand gates in cities like Thessaloniki, Antioch, Kiev, and Vladimir, and even influenced the naming of the Golden Gate in San Francisco, California, as a tribute to Byzantine influence.

The exact time when the Golden Gate was built is still debated by historians, with opinions varying between the reigns of Theodosius I and II, though most agree it was likely the latter. From an architectural standpoint, the gate is known for its polished white marble, put together without any cement into a grand arch flanked by two smaller ones, and supported by two large towers. It was a busy passageway, decorated with statues including one of Theodosius I, and had seen damage from earthquakes and attacks over the years, losing many of its original decorations.

Even though it started as a ceremonial gate, the Golden Gate was also built strong enough to defend the city against attacks. Today, it stands as a testament to the greatness and strategic savvy of Byzantine Constantinople, reminding us of the city's historical importance and the legacies of its rulers.