Gravensteen (Castle of the Counts), Leiden

The Gravensteen, or "Castle of the Counts," is a historic monument located on the Gerecht square in Leiden. Constructed in the early 13th century, this remarkable building has undergone numerous transformations, serving as a refuge, prison, book warehouse, and university facility over the centuries. Its storied past and striking architecture make it a key landmark in Leiden.

Originally built as a private refuge tower for the Counts of Holland, the Gravensteen also housed the city prison and the court for the Rhineland region. Its oldest feature, the square tower with a needle spire, dates to the early 13th century, while the hexagonal stair tower, added in the 15th century, reflects later architectural evolution. The building gained its grim reputation as the site where death sentences were carried out in the square before it, known as the "Court." Executions here continued until 1856, and the structure ceased its use as a prison by the late 19th century.

In 1955, the Gravensteen began a new chapter as a book warehouse, before Leiden University repurposed it to alleviate space constraints. It became home to the legal history department and, later, the university's International Office. Since 2011, the building has housed the Student and Educational Affairs department.

Architecturally, the Gravensteen is a blend of Gothic design with occasional Baroque detailing. Its three main levels, adorned with sculptures and columns, evoke the grandeur of its past functions. Situated in the charming Pieterskerkhof area, the Gravensteen offers visitors picturesque surroundings and an ambiance steeped in history.

Whether you’re drawn by its academic heritage, its architectural beauty, or its intriguing history, the Gravensteen is a must-see destination in Leiden.