Heumarkt (Hay Market), Cologne (must see)

Tracing all the way back to Roman era, Cologne's Hay Market is one of Central Europe's oldest markets. In the Middle Ages, the Hay Market developed into a trading center. Back then, Hay Market and Old Market were originally one market known as Old Market. However, as time progressed, the market areas separated.

By the 13th century, Cologne's population has grown to over forty-thousand, one of the largest in Europe. Hay Market's prime location made it an ideal place for trade. Traders sold vegetables, fish, cheese, legumes, and spices in addition to grain and hay. A grain scale was added in 1492.

In addition to its commercial success, the square where the Hay Market operated had grown its aesthetic appeal. During the Renaissance period, Hay Market was considered one of the most beautiful city squares in Central Europe, often being compared to St. Marks in Venice. Today the brick-paved square are lined with well groomed trees and fancy restaurant, and is a lively place popular with tourists and locals alike.

In 1580, the Cologne stock exchange was established in the Hay Market square. The statue of Prussia's Friedrich Wilhelm III dominates Hay Market square. The equestrian statue was dedicated in 1878. In 1904, the main market hall was built.

Hay Market has ceased its operation a long time ago but today the square bearing its name is as popular as ever. It features several pubs and breweries as well as a good number of restaurants and cafes offer outside seating and excellent people-watching in the summer. In addition, the square is home to a festive Christmas market and an ice-skating rink in winter.