Iglesia de San Francisco (Church of San Francisco), Bogota

The Church of San Francisco is the oldest preserved Catholic temple in Bogota and a landmark of historical and architectural significance. Dedicated to San Francisco de Asis, it is situated in the Veracruz neighborhood, forming part of a religious complex that includes the Church of La Tercera and the Church of Veracruz.

The church’s origins date back to 1557–1566, when it was constructed on land donated by Archbishop Juan de los Barrios to the Franciscan brothers. Initially located along the Vicacha River, later renamed the San Francisco River, the structure was expanded between 1586 and 1611. The highlight of this early phase was the construction of the main altarpiece in 1623, a masterpiece of Renaissance and Mudejar craftsmanship.

Throughout its history, the church has endured significant challenges, including severe damage from the 1785 earthquake. Restoration efforts led by Domingo Esquiaqui integrated previously separate chapels into a second nave, completed in 1794. The church’s tower was also rebuilt during this period. Further interior enhancements were made by Capuchin friar Domingo de Petrés.

In 1861, the church was expropriated under Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera but resumed religious use in 1881. Its adjacent Franciscan convent, spanning two blocks with three cloisters, was demolished in 1917 for the Cundinamarca Government building, now San Francisco Palace. While the exterior and roof were altered, the façade, tower, and chancel remain intact, with a major restoration completed in 1988–1990 to preserve its legacy.

The Church of San Francisco is renowned for its Mudejar-style ceiling, considered one of the finest examples of the former Viceroyalty of New Granada. Its altarpiece, a blend of Renaissance and grotesque elements, is a standout feature. The altarpiece’s intricate design includes saints with their attributes, apostles, and at its pinnacle, an image of the Eternal Father holding the world and blessing the Franciscans.

Today, this historic church stands as a testament to Bogota’s colonial heritage and religious tradition, located diagonally across from the Museo del Oro TransMilenio station.