Neumarkt (New Market), Cologne

Neumarkt is the largest square in Cologne and is rich in history and cultural significance. It was originally set in a document by Archbishop Hildolf in 1076 as a place "in novo mercato" and served as a new market center to relieve the old market. The area was initially unpopulated and located directly on the western city wall, marking a reorientation of the city.

The first building to be constructed in the area was the predecessor of today's St. Aposteln Church, which was built around 965 on the west side of Neumarkt, which was not yet designated as a square. Other notable buildings that have stood in the area include "Haus Scharfenstein" and the "Schwerthof," an armory for aristocrats.

Neumarkt has also been the site of significant historical events. During the French occupation of Cologne in 1794, the square was renamed the Place de la République, and a freedom tree was planted on it. Napoleon also stayed at the Blankenheimer Hof at Neumarkt 4 before his coronation as emperor in 1804.

Today, Neumarkt is home to several museums, galleries, cultural institutes, and educational institutions such as the Amerikahaus, the Cologne Art Association, the Belgian House, the adult education center, the central library, the art gallery, and the Lempertz art and auction house. It is also characterized by two shopping malls, namely the Neumarkt-Galerie and the Neumarkt-Passage, and hosts events such as circus performances, carnival sessions, and Christmas markets.