Obelisque d'Arles (Arles Obelisk), Arles

The Arles Obelisk is a remarkable ancient monolith located in Arles. This anepigraphic obelisk, meaning it lacks inscriptions, is of Roman origin and holds historical and cultural significance.

The obelisk has been recognized as a historic monument since 1840 and is included in the UNESCO World Heritage list of Roman and Romanesque monuments of Arles since 1981. Standing at approximately 20 meters in height, including its base, this slender obelisk is distinct from other obelisks of the Roman period or earlier.

Unlike traditional Egyptian obelisks, the Arles Obelisk is not made of Egyptian granite. Instead, it is crafted from red granite, suggesting an origin from Asia Minor, particularly the region of Troad, which encompasses the ancient city of Troy. Interestingly, the obelisk is devoid of any inscriptions, including Roman ones.

The obelisk was originally erected during the reign of Emperor Constantine in the 4th century. It stood in the center of the spina, the central barrier, within the Roman circus of Arles, which was a venue for chariot races and other public spectacles. However, as the circus fell into disuse during the 6th century, the obelisk either collapsed or was deliberately brought down, resulting in it breaking into two parts.

In 1389, the obelisk was rediscovered and showcased to distinguished guests. At one point, King Henri IV contemplated placing it in the center of the amphitheater, known as the Arènes d'Arles. However, this plan did not materialize.

In the 19th century, the base of the obelisk underwent decorative enhancements. A basin and bronze lions were added to the base, which were designed by the sculptor Antoine Laurent Dantan. These additions contribute to the aesthetic appeal and historical significance of the obelisk, further emphasizing its cultural value.