Raclawice Panorama, Wroclaw (must see)

The Racławice Panorama is an impressive and monumental artwork, measuring 15 by 114 meters, that portrays the Battle of Racławice during the Kościuszko Uprising. This historic battle was a pivotal episode of the Kościuszko Insurrection, a valiant yet ultimately unsuccessful endeavor to safeguard Polish independence. This grand cycloramic painting holds a unique place in art history as one of the few preserved relics of 19th-century mass culture, and it proudly carries the distinction of being Poland's oldest surviving panorama.

The panorama's distinctive presentation involves a circular arrangement, enveloping the viewer within its immersive narrative. As spectators stand at the center, they are treated to various scenes that unfold from different viewing angles. What makes this artwork particularly remarkable is the ingenious use of perspective and additional effects, including strategic lighting and artificial terrain, that collectively create a heightened sense of realism.

The genesis of the Racławice Panorama can be attributed to the visionary painter Jan Styka in Lwów (now Lviv), who enlisted the talents of battle-painter Wojciech Kossak to bring this ambitious project to life. Together with a team of skilled artists they embarked on this creative journey.

After the conclusion of World War II, the Racławice Panorama was transported to Wrocław along with a portion of the Ossoliński Institute's collection. Due to its politically sensitive subject matter during the communist era, efforts to restore and exhibit the painting were met with challenges. However, these challenges were finally overcome, largely thanks to the determined efforts of various Volunteer Committees, and the panorama was successfully restored to its former glory.

On June 14, 1985, the Racławice Panorama was reopened to the public in Wrocław. It swiftly became a focal point of cultural and historical interest, solidifying its status as the city's premier tourist attraction.