Reichstag (Parliament Building), Berlin (must see)

Reichstag, or the German Parliament Building, is one of Berlin's most iconic landmarks. In some way, it serves as a symbol of Germany's political evolution, closely intertwined with pivotal events in the country's history, from the German Empire through the Nazi era, the division of East and West Germany, and the eventual reunification. While the term "Reichstag" historically referred to the legislative body, today it primarily denotes the building itself. As for the institution within, it is known as the "Bundestag."

The Neo-Baroque building was constructed after Germany’s unification in 1871 and was completed in 1894. In 1916, much to the displeasure of the last German Emperor, Wilhelm II, the words "To the German People" were prominently carved into the frieze above the entrance. Symbolically, two years later, the German–Weimar Republic was officially proclaimed here. In 1933, the building was set on fire, which led to the Reichstag Fire Decree, allowing the Nazis to suppress civil liberties. The building was not used for parliamentary sessions under Nazi rule and served different functions throughout World War II.

During the Cold War, the Reichstag remained in ruins in West Berlin and wasn’t used as a parliamentary seat. The building hosted occasional events and exhibitions, as well as concerts during the 1980s.

Notably, on 3 October 1990, the official German reunification ceremony was held inside the Reichstag, attended by Chancellor Helmut Kohl and other prominent figures. Subsequently, the German government and parliament moved from Bonn to Berlin.

In 1995, architect Norman Foster redesigned the building, adding a symbolic glass dome that represents transparency and openness in government. The dome offers a 360-degree view of Berlin and allows natural light to reach the parliament floor below. A sun shield electronically tracks and blocks direct sunlight to prevent glare. Completed in 1999, the building became the seat of the Federal Republic of Germany's Parliament – Bundestag – that April. The dome, now a major landmark, is open to the public with prior registration and allows visitors to observe parliamentary proceedings below.

The refurbished Reichstag also preserved historical elements such as the Soviet Army graffiti left in 1945.

Tips:
Plan your visit in advance, as security measures require booking and a valid ID for entry. Consider reserving a table in the Käfer DACHGARTEN to skip queues, and remember to dress warmly, as the dome's "windows" are open, and it can get rather chilly up there.