Stabilimento Termale Acque della Salute (Waters of Health Thermal Establishment), Livorno

The Waters of Health Thermal Establishment (Stabilimento Termale Acque della Salute), also known as Coral Baths (Terme del Corallo), is a historic spa complex in Livorno. Once a grand example of early 20th-century architecture, the establishment has unfortunately fallen into disrepair after decades of neglect. Despite its current state, the site remains a significant part of Livorno's architectural heritage, representing a blend of Art Nouveau (Liberty style) and traditional elements.

Designed by Angiolo Badaloni, the spa consisted of three main pavilions, connected by elegant colonnades and arranged around an open garden. Each pavilion showcased intricate Art Nouveau details, with floral-inspired wooden carvings and majolica decorations by Ernesto Bellandi. The reinforced concrete structures employed the Hennebique technique, which was innovative for its time.

The left pavilion housed medical laboratories and administrative offices, while the right pavilion was dedicated to distributing therapeutic waters, each named to reflect its unique properties-Sovrana, Corallo, Còrsia, Preziosa, and Vittoria. Both pavilions were richly adorned with arches and majolicas.

At the center of the complex, a grand building with a portico of round arches featured spa baths in the basement and a spacious party room on the upper floor, accompanied by smaller recreational spaces and a restaurant. The park also included a structure designed by engineer Adriano Unis, which housed shops and was topped with a loggia.

Nearby stood the former Hotel Corallo, inaugurated in 1907, which was stylistically linked to the thermal baths. Though primarily classical in its architecture, the hotel incorporated Art Nouveau details in its façade, notably around the numerous windows and openings.

Despite its dilapidated condition, the Waters of Health Thermal Establishment remains a poignant reminder of Livorno’s architectural and cultural past, heavily influenced by early 20th-century artistic movements.