Synagogue of Livorno, Livorno

The Synagogue of Livorno, located on Benamozegh Square (Piazza Benamozegh), stands as a significant monument of post-war architecture. Designed by architect Angelo Di Castro, it was completed in 1962 on the site of the original seventeenth-century synagogue, which was partially destroyed during World War II. Alongside the synagogues of Rome, Trieste, and Genoa, it is considered one of the great monumental synagogues of twentieth-century Italy and the only one built after the war.

The decision to construct a new building instead of rebuilding the original synagogue sparked a debate within the Jewish community. Bruno Zevi, a member of the Superior Council of Public Works, played a key role in advocating for a new design that would symbolize Jewish resilience and vitality. The synagogue's unique design, reminiscent of the Tabernacle or the Great Tent of the Ark of the Covenant, reflects this idea. The structure is characterized by reinforced concrete ribs and infill panels with octagonal and hexagonal windows, while the apse features small triangular openings that create a delicate play of light.

Inside, the seating is arranged amphitheatrically, descending toward the center where the tevà stands, incorporating parts of the original structure. The Ark of the Covenant from 1708, crafted by cabinetmaker Angelo Scoccianti, was brought from Pesaro's synagogue and is a stunning example of Baroque cabinetmaking. The women's gallery is situated at the rear, and below the main floor is the Lampronti Oratory, featuring elements from the seventeenth-century Spanish rite temple of Ferrara, including the tevà and aròn.