Thermes de Constantin (Baths of Constantine), Arles

The Baths of Constantine or Thermes du Nord, are ancient Roman baths located on the banks of the Rhône River in Arles. These baths were constructed in the early 4th century during the reign of Emperor Constantine when he resided in Arelate (Arles). In the Middle Ages, they became known as the "Palais de la Trouille," leading to a misconception that they were the ruins of a palace built by Emperor Constantine himself.

Designated as historical monuments in 1840, the remains of the thermal baths include the Roman wall and adjacent cellars, which were classified in 1922. The city of Arles purchased the monument and undertook extensive renovations between 1980 and 1995 to restore and preserve its architectural heritage.

The Thermes de Constantin in Arles are among the best-preserved Roman baths in France, comparable to the Thermes de Chassenon in Charente and the Thermes de Cluny in Paris. The baths underwent partial excavation and clearance work during the 19th century.

The visible remains of the baths today mainly consist of the caldarium, which housed the hot-water bathing area. The caldarium features suspended heating floors (hypocaust) with three pools, two of which are rectangular in shape. The third pool, distinguished by a semi-circular apse and adorned with three windows, is covered by a half-oven vault. The caldarium is connected to the laconicum, a dry sauna, and the tepidarium, a warm bath. The tepidarium is concluded on the western end by a semi-circular apse.

Exploring the Thermes de Constantin offers visitors a remarkable glimpse into the bathing practices and architectural splendor of the Roman era. The meticulous preservation and restoration efforts undertaken by the city of Arles ensure that these ancient baths continue to captivate and educate visitors about the rich history of the region.