Untertorbrucke (Lower Gate Bridge), Bern

The Lower Gate Bridge (Untertorbrücke) is an integral piece of Bern, Switzerland's architectural and historical heritage. This historic stone arch bridge, which spans the Aare River, was initially constructed in 1256, making it the oldest of Bern's Aare bridges. For centuries, it served as the sole bridge connecting the Old City to the eastern bank of the river, reflecting its vital role in the city’s early development.

The bridge's origins trace back to the urgent need for a river crossing after Bern's founding in 1191. Conflict soon arose with Count Hartmann of Kyburg, leading to a mediated peace allowing for the bridge’s completion. Initially built from oak wood and possibly partially covered, it featured fortifications including a fortified tower and a central guard house. The bridge endured significant historical events, including surviving an attack during King Rudolph of Habsburg's second siege of Bern in 1288.

In 1460, after being severely damaged by a flood, a decision was made to reconstruct the bridge in stone. The work was entrusted to a master from Zurich, leading to significant improvements including new fortifications and a chapel consecrated by 1467. However, construction faced delays due to financial strains and conflicts, finally completing in the late 15th century.

Throughout the following centuries, the bridge’s fortifications were enhanced, including the addition of crenelated stone walls and covered battlements. By the 18th century, however, these medieval fortifications lost their military relevance and became traffic hindrances, leading to major renovations in 1757. The original military features were removed, and new decorative elements, including a baroque triumphal arch, were added.

Subsequent modifications in the 19th century further altered its appearance; iron railings replaced sandstone parapets, and significant structures such as the eastern gate and drawbridge were dismantled to ease local congestion.

Today, the Lower Gate Bridge stands primarily as a vestige of its medieval core, stripped of its extensive fortifications and baroque embellishments. It now serves as a quiet testament to Bern’s long history, encapsulating centuries of architectural and urban evolution. No longer an active bridge, it remains a symbolic link to the city’s past, continuing to offer a glimpse into the historical narrative of Bern.