Cagliari Introduction Walking Tour (Self Guided), Cagliari
Welcome to Cagliari, Sardinia’s beating heart! Perched along the shimmering Mediterranean, this sun-soeaked city blends centuries-old history with modern charm. With stunning beaches, colorful lagoons, and lush greenery, it’s also a place where natural beauty meets cultural riches.
Cagliari’s story began long before our time. Around the 8th century BC, the Phoenicians founded Karaly as a crucial trade hub. Under Roman rule, the city thrived thanks to its strategic location on the Mediterranean trade routes. The Middle Ages saw Cagliari fortified by the Pisans, who constructed impressive defenses that still stand today. By the 14th century, it was under the Crown of Aragon, later joining the Spanish Empire. These layers of history left their mark, shaping the city’s architecture, language, and traditions.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Sardinia became part of the House of Savoy, and eventually, unified Italy in 1861. Despite enduring heavy bombing during World War II, Cagliari rebounded, preserving its historic charm while evolving into a lively cultural and economic hub.
To get your bearings, start at the historic port, the city’s age-old gateway. From there, wander upward through streets that reveal layer upon layer of Cagliari’s colorful history. At the top, you’ll find the Bastion of Saint Remy, offering sweeping views of the city and the sea—proof of Cagliari’s long-standing role as a strategic stronghold. Nearby, the medieval Elephant Tower and San Pancrazio Tower stand tall as reminders of the Pisan era’s fortifications.
Cagliari’s spiritual and regal heritage shines in its Cathedral, a beautiful blend of Romanesque and Baroque architecture, and the Royal Palace, which once housed Spanish viceroys and Sardinian rulers. For an even deeper dive into the past, visit the National Archaeological Museum, home to stunning Nuragic artifacts that tell the tale of Sardinia’s ancient civilization.
To experience the city’s lively contemporary side, head to the San Benedetto market. Here, you’ll find a feast for the senses, from fresh Sardinian seafood and cheeses to aromatic spices and local delicacies.
Cagliari is a city of contrasts—ancient yet modern, coastal yet steeped in tradition. From its winding alleyways and historic landmarks to its relaxing beaches and lively markets, this is more than just a destination; it’s a journey through time. Let Cagliari’s stories unfold as you lose yourself in this ancient city with the aid of our self-guided walking tour.
Cagliari’s story began long before our time. Around the 8th century BC, the Phoenicians founded Karaly as a crucial trade hub. Under Roman rule, the city thrived thanks to its strategic location on the Mediterranean trade routes. The Middle Ages saw Cagliari fortified by the Pisans, who constructed impressive defenses that still stand today. By the 14th century, it was under the Crown of Aragon, later joining the Spanish Empire. These layers of history left their mark, shaping the city’s architecture, language, and traditions.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Sardinia became part of the House of Savoy, and eventually, unified Italy in 1861. Despite enduring heavy bombing during World War II, Cagliari rebounded, preserving its historic charm while evolving into a lively cultural and economic hub.
To get your bearings, start at the historic port, the city’s age-old gateway. From there, wander upward through streets that reveal layer upon layer of Cagliari’s colorful history. At the top, you’ll find the Bastion of Saint Remy, offering sweeping views of the city and the sea—proof of Cagliari’s long-standing role as a strategic stronghold. Nearby, the medieval Elephant Tower and San Pancrazio Tower stand tall as reminders of the Pisan era’s fortifications.
Cagliari’s spiritual and regal heritage shines in its Cathedral, a beautiful blend of Romanesque and Baroque architecture, and the Royal Palace, which once housed Spanish viceroys and Sardinian rulers. For an even deeper dive into the past, visit the National Archaeological Museum, home to stunning Nuragic artifacts that tell the tale of Sardinia’s ancient civilization.
To experience the city’s lively contemporary side, head to the San Benedetto market. Here, you’ll find a feast for the senses, from fresh Sardinian seafood and cheeses to aromatic spices and local delicacies.
Cagliari is a city of contrasts—ancient yet modern, coastal yet steeped in tradition. From its winding alleyways and historic landmarks to its relaxing beaches and lively markets, this is more than just a destination; it’s a journey through time. Let Cagliari’s stories unfold as you lose yourself in this ancient city with the aid of our self-guided walking tour.
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Cagliari Introduction Walking Tour Map
Guide Name: Cagliari Introduction Walking Tour
Guide Location: Italy » Cagliari (See other walking tours in Cagliari)
Guide Type: Self-guided Walking Tour (Sightseeing)
# of Attractions: 11
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 2.9 Km or 1.8 Miles
Author: nataly
Sight(s) Featured in This Guide:
Guide Location: Italy » Cagliari (See other walking tours in Cagliari)
Guide Type: Self-guided Walking Tour (Sightseeing)
# of Attractions: 11
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 2.9 Km or 1.8 Miles
Author: nataly
Sight(s) Featured in This Guide:
- Portus Karalis (Port of Cagliari)
- Palazzo Civico (Civic Palace)
- Museo del Tesoro e Area Archeologica di Sant'Eulalia (Treasure Museum and Archaeological Area of Sant'Eulalia)
- Bastione di Saint Remy (Saint Remy Bastion)
- Torre dell'Elefante (Elephant Tower)
- Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e Santa Cecilia (Cathedral of Cagliari)
- Palazzo Regio (Royal Palace)
- Torre di San Pancrazio (Tower of San Pancrazio)
- Cittadella dei Musei (Citadel of Giovanni Lilliu Museums)
- Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Cagliari (National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari)
- Mercato Civico di San Benedetto (San Benedetto Civic Market)
1) Portus Karalis (Port of Cagliari)
The Port of Cagliari has served as a strategic and commercial hub for over 2,000 years. Originally founded by the Phoenicians and later shaped by Carthaginian and Roman influences, the port has continuously evolved to meet the demands of maritime trade and tourism. Positioned just 11 miles from the Gibraltar-Suez shipping route, it remains a key location for transshipment activities in the western Mediterranean. The Port Authority of Cagliari manages an extensive 30-kilometer coastline, dividing the port into two main sections: the Old Harbour, which caters to passenger and yacht traffic, and the Canal Port, designed for larger cargo vessels and industrial shipping.
At the heart of the Port of Cagliari lies Portus Karalis, an exclusive marina renowned for its luxury amenities and prime location. With 118 berths, it is the only marina in southern Sardinia capable of accommodating yachts and superyachts up to 90 meters in length. Ideal for both long-term mooring and short-term stopovers, Portus Karalis offers a range of services including electricity and water outlets, Wi-Fi, mooring assistance, security, weather updates, and waste collection.
Beyond its maritime significance, the Port of Cagliari is perfectly integrated with the city’s vibrant life. The historic center, cultural attractions, and shopping streets are just steps away, offering visitors a seamless transition from sea to city. From the marina, the elegant Via Roma is immediately visible, lined with boutiques, cafés, and restaurants, while Piazza Yenne and the lively Marina and Castello districts provide a glimpse into Cagliari’s rich history and nightlife. With its stunning coastal views, deep-rooted maritime legacy, and modern facilities, the Port of Cagliari remains one of the most prestigious and convenient gateways to Sardinia and the Mediterranean.
At the heart of the Port of Cagliari lies Portus Karalis, an exclusive marina renowned for its luxury amenities and prime location. With 118 berths, it is the only marina in southern Sardinia capable of accommodating yachts and superyachts up to 90 meters in length. Ideal for both long-term mooring and short-term stopovers, Portus Karalis offers a range of services including electricity and water outlets, Wi-Fi, mooring assistance, security, weather updates, and waste collection.
Beyond its maritime significance, the Port of Cagliari is perfectly integrated with the city’s vibrant life. The historic center, cultural attractions, and shopping streets are just steps away, offering visitors a seamless transition from sea to city. From the marina, the elegant Via Roma is immediately visible, lined with boutiques, cafés, and restaurants, while Piazza Yenne and the lively Marina and Castello districts provide a glimpse into Cagliari’s rich history and nightlife. With its stunning coastal views, deep-rooted maritime legacy, and modern facilities, the Port of Cagliari remains one of the most prestigious and convenient gateways to Sardinia and the Mediterranean.
2) Palazzo Civico (Civic Palace)
The Civic Palace of Cagliari, the seat of the municipal government, is a striking example of early 20th-century architecture, blending Aragonese Gothic style with Liberty-style decorations. Built from white limestone, the palace stands prominently along Via Roma, overlooking the port, symbolizing a city that has shifted from fortification to openness.
Originally, the municipal seat was located in Piazza Palazzo, within the fortified Castello district, offering protection in times of conflict. However, under the guidance of Ottone Bacaredda, a visionary mayor at the turn of the 20th century, the headquarters moved to its current location in Marina district, a growing cultural and economic hub. The new Civic Palace reflects Cagliari’s evolution, embracing a more outward-facing identity while still preserving its deep-rooted traditions.
Inside the palace, visitors can admire an array of artistic and historical treasures, each room offering a unique glimpse into Sardinian heritage. One of the most remarkable spaces is the Wedding Room, featuring a stunning mural cycle by Filippo Figari, painted between 1912 and 1914. This vibrant artwork celebrates Sardinian love and tradition, depicting rural life, traditional clothing, and colorful landscapes. Figari spent time in Busachi, an area known for its strong agro-pastoral culture, to capture the essence of Sardinia in his work. His murals, far from being mere folklore, present a powerful and romanticized vision of the island, highlighting its vitality and beauty.
The Mayor’s Room is another highlight, dominated by a grand Flemish tapestry by Francesco Spiringius, measuring 4.5 meters high and 7 meters wide, a masterpiece of 16th-century Brussels craftsmanship. Opposite, a large canvas by Giovanni Marghinotti pays tribute to King Carlo Felice of Savoy, who was responsible for Sardinia’s first major road network, based on ancient Roman routes.
Another prestigious chamber within the Civic Palace is the Sabauda Room, now serving as the office of the vice-mayor. The room’s red and gold furnishings, complemented by three grand portraits of the Savoy monarchs painted by Giovanni Marghinotti, exude an atmosphere of noble authority. A particularly significant piece in the room is a miniature replica of the chariot used in the Sagra di Sant’Efisio, the grand religious festival celebrated every May 1st, when the statue of Sant’Efisio is paraded through the city in a time-honored tradition.
Originally, the municipal seat was located in Piazza Palazzo, within the fortified Castello district, offering protection in times of conflict. However, under the guidance of Ottone Bacaredda, a visionary mayor at the turn of the 20th century, the headquarters moved to its current location in Marina district, a growing cultural and economic hub. The new Civic Palace reflects Cagliari’s evolution, embracing a more outward-facing identity while still preserving its deep-rooted traditions.
Inside the palace, visitors can admire an array of artistic and historical treasures, each room offering a unique glimpse into Sardinian heritage. One of the most remarkable spaces is the Wedding Room, featuring a stunning mural cycle by Filippo Figari, painted between 1912 and 1914. This vibrant artwork celebrates Sardinian love and tradition, depicting rural life, traditional clothing, and colorful landscapes. Figari spent time in Busachi, an area known for its strong agro-pastoral culture, to capture the essence of Sardinia in his work. His murals, far from being mere folklore, present a powerful and romanticized vision of the island, highlighting its vitality and beauty.
The Mayor’s Room is another highlight, dominated by a grand Flemish tapestry by Francesco Spiringius, measuring 4.5 meters high and 7 meters wide, a masterpiece of 16th-century Brussels craftsmanship. Opposite, a large canvas by Giovanni Marghinotti pays tribute to King Carlo Felice of Savoy, who was responsible for Sardinia’s first major road network, based on ancient Roman routes.
Another prestigious chamber within the Civic Palace is the Sabauda Room, now serving as the office of the vice-mayor. The room’s red and gold furnishings, complemented by three grand portraits of the Savoy monarchs painted by Giovanni Marghinotti, exude an atmosphere of noble authority. A particularly significant piece in the room is a miniature replica of the chariot used in the Sagra di Sant’Efisio, the grand religious festival celebrated every May 1st, when the statue of Sant’Efisio is paraded through the city in a time-honored tradition.
3) Museo del Tesoro e Area Archeologica di Sant'Eulalia (Treasure Museum and Archaeological Area of Sant'Eulalia)
The Treasure Museum and Archaeological Area of Sant'Eulalia is one of Cagliari’s most significant cultural and historical sites, located in the Marina district. Housed in a building adjacent to the Church of Sant’Eulalia, the museum showcases an extensive collection of religious artifacts, artworks, and historical documents from various churches in the district. The ground floor hosts the parish archive of Sant'Eulalia, preserving valuable records and manuscripts. Meanwhile, the first floor is dedicated to artistic exhibits, including silverware crafted by Ligurian and Sardinian artisans, religious paintings, and statues. The museum also serves as a guardian of heritage salvaged from churches affected by World War II bombings, such as Santa Lucia, which was destroyed in 1943.
A key highlight of the museum is its archaeological area, which was discovered in 1990 during renovation work on the museum itself. The site reveals an ancient Roman road, dating back to the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, believed to have once connected the area to the nearby port of Cagliari. In addition to the road, structures from the Republican era have also been uncovered, offering a glimpse into the daily life of ancient Cagliari. The museum is part of a broader complex that includes the Church of Sant’Eulalia, the monumental crypt, and the excavations under Santa Lucia, weaving together more than 2,000 years of history, from the Punic period to the Catalan-Aragonese era and into modern times.
Beyond its archaeological wonders, the museum is a treasure trove of religious art. The upstairs treasury houses an impressive collection of religious vestments, silverware, wooden sculptures, and medieval codices. Among the standout pieces is an Ecce Homo painting, attributed to a 17th-century Flemish artist, which depicts Christ after his flagellation in a striking double-sided portrayal.
A key highlight of the museum is its archaeological area, which was discovered in 1990 during renovation work on the museum itself. The site reveals an ancient Roman road, dating back to the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, believed to have once connected the area to the nearby port of Cagliari. In addition to the road, structures from the Republican era have also been uncovered, offering a glimpse into the daily life of ancient Cagliari. The museum is part of a broader complex that includes the Church of Sant’Eulalia, the monumental crypt, and the excavations under Santa Lucia, weaving together more than 2,000 years of history, from the Punic period to the Catalan-Aragonese era and into modern times.
Beyond its archaeological wonders, the museum is a treasure trove of religious art. The upstairs treasury houses an impressive collection of religious vestments, silverware, wooden sculptures, and medieval codices. Among the standout pieces is an Ecce Homo painting, attributed to a 17th-century Flemish artist, which depicts Christ after his flagellation in a striking double-sided portrayal.
4) Bastione di Saint Remy (Saint Remy Bastion) (must see)
The Saint Remy Bastion is one of Cagliari’s most iconic landmarks, towering over Piazza Costituzione as a grand architectural masterpiece. Built in the late 19th century, the bastion was named after Filippo Guglielmo Pallavicino delle Frabose, the first viceroy of Savoy in the Kingdom of Sardinia. It was constructed in white limestone atop medieval defensive walls when Cagliari ceased to function as a military stronghold. The neoclassical-style structure features majestic Corinthian columns, a triumphal arch, and two grand staircases leading to an expansive terrace that offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city and coastline.
The Saint Remy Bastion serves as a symbolic gateway between the Villanova district and the fortified Castello quarter, seamlessly blending history and urban elegance. Its large terrace, known as the Umberto I Terrace, spans 4,600 square meters and offers sweeping views over Cagliari’s skyline, including the Molentargius-Saline Natural Park, Poetto Beach, and Monte Urpinu.
Beneath the terrace lies the Umberto I Gallery, often called the "covered walk", featuring a series of arched windows that illuminate the vast interior space. Originally designed as a banquet hall, the gallery has since played various roles, serving as an infirmary during World War I, a government office, and later, a prestigious cultural exhibition space. Today, it hosts artistic and historical exhibitions, adding yet another layer to the bastion’s diverse history.
As one of Cagliari’s most important cultural and historical sites, the Saint Remy Bastion is a must-visit attraction for anyone exploring the city. Whether you ascend its grand staircases or take the free elevator from Viale Regina Elena, the journey to the top is rewarded with breathtaking views and a sense of the city's deep-rooted history. As night falls, the bastion becomes a romantic setting, perfect for watching the sunset before heading to dinner in the vibrant Marina neighborhood, where the streets come alive with restaurants, music, and the scents of Sardinian cuisine.
The Saint Remy Bastion serves as a symbolic gateway between the Villanova district and the fortified Castello quarter, seamlessly blending history and urban elegance. Its large terrace, known as the Umberto I Terrace, spans 4,600 square meters and offers sweeping views over Cagliari’s skyline, including the Molentargius-Saline Natural Park, Poetto Beach, and Monte Urpinu.
Beneath the terrace lies the Umberto I Gallery, often called the "covered walk", featuring a series of arched windows that illuminate the vast interior space. Originally designed as a banquet hall, the gallery has since played various roles, serving as an infirmary during World War I, a government office, and later, a prestigious cultural exhibition space. Today, it hosts artistic and historical exhibitions, adding yet another layer to the bastion’s diverse history.
As one of Cagliari’s most important cultural and historical sites, the Saint Remy Bastion is a must-visit attraction for anyone exploring the city. Whether you ascend its grand staircases or take the free elevator from Viale Regina Elena, the journey to the top is rewarded with breathtaking views and a sense of the city's deep-rooted history. As night falls, the bastion becomes a romantic setting, perfect for watching the sunset before heading to dinner in the vibrant Marina neighborhood, where the streets come alive with restaurants, music, and the scents of Sardinian cuisine.
5) Torre dell'Elefante (Elephant Tower)
The Elephant Tower is one of the most significant medieval landmarks in Cagliari standing as the second tallest medieval tower in the city after the San Pancrazio Tower. Located in the historic Castello district, the tower can be accessed from Via Santa Croce, Via Università, and Cammino Nuovo, and offers breathtaking panoramic views of Cagliari and its surrounding landscapes. Constructed from pietra forte di Cagliari, a white limestone quarried from Bonaria, the tower follows the typical Pisan architectural style, with three solid limestone sides and an open fourth side facing Castello, revealing four floors supported by wooden mezzanines.
Defensive elements included three massive doors, two shutters, and a wooden scaffolding structure, used to repel invaders from above. The tower’s most distinctive feature, from which it derives its name, is a small stone elephant sculpture protruding from the south-facing wall, a symbol commonly used by the Republic of Pisa. The Elephant Tower features several medieval coats of arms, including those of the Pisan castellans, carved into the limestone walls.
Built in 1307 by Pisan architect Giovanni Capula, the Elephant Tower was designed to protect the Castello district, the city's political and military stronghold during Pisan rule. It was constructed alongside its twin, the San Pancrazio Tower, to fortify Cagliari against external threats. When the Aragonese took control of Sardinia between 1323 and 1327, they closed off the north-facing side, converting the interior into storage spaces and housing for Spanish officials. Over the following centuries, the tower saw multiple transformations—additional buildings were constructed around it in the 17th and 18th centuries, partially obscuring its imposing façade.
By the mid-19th century, the tower had been repurposed as a prison, before undergoing a major restoration in 1906, which removed later modifications and restored its original Pisan design. A further restoration in the 1980s rebuilt the wooden mezzanine floors, allowing visitors to experience the structure much as it was in medieval times.
Defensive elements included three massive doors, two shutters, and a wooden scaffolding structure, used to repel invaders from above. The tower’s most distinctive feature, from which it derives its name, is a small stone elephant sculpture protruding from the south-facing wall, a symbol commonly used by the Republic of Pisa. The Elephant Tower features several medieval coats of arms, including those of the Pisan castellans, carved into the limestone walls.
Built in 1307 by Pisan architect Giovanni Capula, the Elephant Tower was designed to protect the Castello district, the city's political and military stronghold during Pisan rule. It was constructed alongside its twin, the San Pancrazio Tower, to fortify Cagliari against external threats. When the Aragonese took control of Sardinia between 1323 and 1327, they closed off the north-facing side, converting the interior into storage spaces and housing for Spanish officials. Over the following centuries, the tower saw multiple transformations—additional buildings were constructed around it in the 17th and 18th centuries, partially obscuring its imposing façade.
By the mid-19th century, the tower had been repurposed as a prison, before undergoing a major restoration in 1906, which removed later modifications and restored its original Pisan design. A further restoration in the 1980s rebuilt the wooden mezzanine floors, allowing visitors to experience the structure much as it was in medieval times.
6) Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e Santa Cecilia (Cathedral of Cagliari) (must see)
The Cathedral of Cagliari, located in the Castello district, is one of the city's most significant landmarks. This impressive Roman Catholic cathedral was first built in 1254 under Pisan rule, during a period when the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Genoa were battling for control of Sardinia. Initially a modest structure, the cathedral underwent major transformations under the Aragonese and Spanish rulers, who expanded and elevated the presbytery.
In the 17th century, Archbishop Francisco Desquivel ordered the transfer of 159 early Christian martyrs from the necropolis of San Saturnino Basilica to the cathedral’s crypt, further elevating its religious importance. The current Neo-Romanesque façade, inspired by the Cathedral of Pisa, was added in the 1930s, giving the structure the imposing and elegant appearance it has today.
Inside, the Cathedral of Cagliari showcases a mix of Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque styles, reflecting the centuries of modifications by different ruling powers. One of the most remarkable features is the 12th-century pulpit created by Master Guglielmo, originally sculpted for the Cathedral of Pisa and relocated to Cagliari in 1312. In 1669, the pulpit was split into two, with its four marble lions, originally part of its base, now placed at the presbytery balustrade.
The cathedral also houses several important artworks, including a 15th-century Flemish triptych, attributed to Rogier van der Weyden, and a Baroque funerary monument dedicated to Bernardo de La Cabra, an Archbishop of Cagliari who died in the 1655 plague. The left transept holds a 14th-century chapel and the mausoleum of Martin I of Sicily, an Aragonese king who perished during the conquest of Sardinia in the early 15th century.
Beneath the cathedral lies the Sanctuary of the Martyrs, a crypt featuring 179 niches containing relics of early Christian martyrs, discovered in the 17th century near the Basilica of San Saturnino. The crypt's ceiling is adorned with intricate stone rosettes, alternating between diamond and floral designs, creating an elegant and sacred atmosphere. Visitors to the Cagliari Cathedral will find not only a remarkable example of Sardinia’s religious and artistic heritage, but also a historical site that reflects the island’s complex past, shaped by Pisa, Aragon, and Spain.
In the 17th century, Archbishop Francisco Desquivel ordered the transfer of 159 early Christian martyrs from the necropolis of San Saturnino Basilica to the cathedral’s crypt, further elevating its religious importance. The current Neo-Romanesque façade, inspired by the Cathedral of Pisa, was added in the 1930s, giving the structure the imposing and elegant appearance it has today.
Inside, the Cathedral of Cagliari showcases a mix of Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque styles, reflecting the centuries of modifications by different ruling powers. One of the most remarkable features is the 12th-century pulpit created by Master Guglielmo, originally sculpted for the Cathedral of Pisa and relocated to Cagliari in 1312. In 1669, the pulpit was split into two, with its four marble lions, originally part of its base, now placed at the presbytery balustrade.
The cathedral also houses several important artworks, including a 15th-century Flemish triptych, attributed to Rogier van der Weyden, and a Baroque funerary monument dedicated to Bernardo de La Cabra, an Archbishop of Cagliari who died in the 1655 plague. The left transept holds a 14th-century chapel and the mausoleum of Martin I of Sicily, an Aragonese king who perished during the conquest of Sardinia in the early 15th century.
Beneath the cathedral lies the Sanctuary of the Martyrs, a crypt featuring 179 niches containing relics of early Christian martyrs, discovered in the 17th century near the Basilica of San Saturnino. The crypt's ceiling is adorned with intricate stone rosettes, alternating between diamond and floral designs, creating an elegant and sacred atmosphere. Visitors to the Cagliari Cathedral will find not only a remarkable example of Sardinia’s religious and artistic heritage, but also a historical site that reflects the island’s complex past, shaped by Pisa, Aragon, and Spain.
7) Palazzo Regio (Royal Palace)
The Royal Palace of Cagliari, also known as the Viceregal Palace (Palazzo Regio), is a historic landmark in the Castello district, serving as the former residence of the viceroy during the Aragonese, Spanish, and Savoy dominations. Originally built in the 14th century, the palace became the official seat of the viceroy in 1337, under the orders of Peter IV of Aragon. Over the centuries, it underwent numerous modifications and expansions, adapting to the architectural styles and needs of each ruling power. Today, the Royal Palace houses the Prefecture of the Metropolitan City of Cagliari and the offices of the Province of Southern Sardinia, continuing its long tradition as an institutional and administrative center.
Architecturally, the Palazzo Regio reflects its rich history through various renovations, particularly those carried out during the 18th century by the Savoy dynasty. The Piedmontese engineers de Guibert and de Vincenti were responsible for the grand staircase leading to the main floor, while in 1735, the interiors were redesigned by Della Vallea, emphasizing elegant halls and refined decorations. The building’s west-facing façade, with its main portal and central balcony, was restored in 1769, as indicated by an inscription on the lunette above the French window.
One of the most significant periods in the palace's history was from 1799 to 1814, when the Savoy royal family took refuge in Cagliari, having fled Napoleon's invasion of Piedmont. The palace became their temporary residence, further reinforcing its political importance.
Inside, the Council Hall stands out for its exquisite decorations, completed during renovation works in 1885 when the building became the representative seat of the Province of Cagliari. The Perugian artist Domenico Bruschi painted the frescoes, while Angeletti worked on the stucco decorations, giving the hall a regal and sophisticated atmosphere. The palace's long façade, marked by monumental pilasters, faces Piazza Palazzo, while its high support arches extend along the rocky ridge overlooking the Villanova district.
Architecturally, the Palazzo Regio reflects its rich history through various renovations, particularly those carried out during the 18th century by the Savoy dynasty. The Piedmontese engineers de Guibert and de Vincenti were responsible for the grand staircase leading to the main floor, while in 1735, the interiors were redesigned by Della Vallea, emphasizing elegant halls and refined decorations. The building’s west-facing façade, with its main portal and central balcony, was restored in 1769, as indicated by an inscription on the lunette above the French window.
One of the most significant periods in the palace's history was from 1799 to 1814, when the Savoy royal family took refuge in Cagliari, having fled Napoleon's invasion of Piedmont. The palace became their temporary residence, further reinforcing its political importance.
Inside, the Council Hall stands out for its exquisite decorations, completed during renovation works in 1885 when the building became the representative seat of the Province of Cagliari. The Perugian artist Domenico Bruschi painted the frescoes, while Angeletti worked on the stucco decorations, giving the hall a regal and sophisticated atmosphere. The palace's long façade, marked by monumental pilasters, faces Piazza Palazzo, while its high support arches extend along the rocky ridge overlooking the Villanova district.
8) Torre di San Pancrazio (Tower of San Pancrazio)
The Tower of San Pancrazio is the tallest medieval tower in Cagliari, standing as a symbol of the city’s Pisan heritage. Built in 1305 under the direction of architect Giovanni Capula, the tower was constructed during the Pisan domination (1258-1326) to fortify the Castello district, the city’s political, military, and religious hub. Located at Cagliari’s highest point, the tower offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city and the surrounding coastline.
It is made of Pietra Forte, a white limestone extracted from the Bonaria Hill, and features three enclosed sides with narrow slits for defense, while the fourth side remains open, exposing the interior galleries. Along with the Elephant Tower, it served as a key defensive structure, securing the main access points to Castello. It played a crucial role in mapping Sardinia, as Piedmontese general Alberto Della Marmora used the tower as a zero point to create the island’s first geographical map in the 19th century.
Following the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia (1323-1327), the south side of the tower was enclosed, repurposing its interior as warehouses and residences for Spanish officials. By the 16th century, the construction of the Dusay Bastion diminished its strategic importance, and the tower was transformed into a prison, a role it maintained until the late 19th century. In 1903, extensive restoration efforts were undertaken to return the structure to its original Pisan-era condition.
Today, visitors to the Tower of San Pancrazio can explore its historic architecture, admire the coat of arms of Pisan castellans embedded in its walls, and walk along its wooden mezzanines, reconstructed during 20th-century restorations. Though its original wooden doors and iron-covered shutters have been lost, the 35 stone corbels that once supported a wooden balcony remain intact. The tower’s name is believed to originate from the nearby Church of San Lorenzo, which was dedicated to San Pancrazio during the Pisan era.
It is made of Pietra Forte, a white limestone extracted from the Bonaria Hill, and features three enclosed sides with narrow slits for defense, while the fourth side remains open, exposing the interior galleries. Along with the Elephant Tower, it served as a key defensive structure, securing the main access points to Castello. It played a crucial role in mapping Sardinia, as Piedmontese general Alberto Della Marmora used the tower as a zero point to create the island’s first geographical map in the 19th century.
Following the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia (1323-1327), the south side of the tower was enclosed, repurposing its interior as warehouses and residences for Spanish officials. By the 16th century, the construction of the Dusay Bastion diminished its strategic importance, and the tower was transformed into a prison, a role it maintained until the late 19th century. In 1903, extensive restoration efforts were undertaken to return the structure to its original Pisan-era condition.
Today, visitors to the Tower of San Pancrazio can explore its historic architecture, admire the coat of arms of Pisan castellans embedded in its walls, and walk along its wooden mezzanines, reconstructed during 20th-century restorations. Though its original wooden doors and iron-covered shutters have been lost, the 35 stone corbels that once supported a wooden balcony remain intact. The tower’s name is believed to originate from the nearby Church of San Lorenzo, which was dedicated to San Pancrazio during the Pisan era.
9) Cittadella dei Musei (Citadel of Giovanni Lilliu Museums)
The Citadel of Giovanni Lilliu Museums is Cagliari’s premier museum complex. It stands on the site of the former Royal Arsenal, a military facility established by the Piedmontese and later repurposed into a cultural hub. The citadel features a large central courtyard surrounded by buildings that house several significant collections, making it a must-visit for history and art enthusiasts.
Among the most notable institutions within the complex is the National Archaeological Museum, which holds an extensive collection of Nuragic bronzes, Phoenician relics, Punic artifacts, and Roman sculptures, providing insight into Sardinia’s ancient civilizations. Another highlight is the National Art Gallery, which showcases medieval and Baroque-era Sardinian and Catalan paintings, including intricate altarpieces salvaged from churches that were destroyed during World War II.
Beyond archaeology and fine art, the Citadel also houses some more unusual exhibits, making it an intriguing destination for a wide range of visitors. One such collection is the Anatomical Wax Museum, which contains meticulously crafted wax models of human anatomy, used historically for medical studies. While some visitors find the exhibition fascinating, others consider it slightly unsettling due to the detailed nature of the models.
Additionally, the Museum of Siamese Art presents a unique contrast to the other displays, offering a collection of artifacts and artwork from Thailand, a rare find in European museums. Completing the complex is the Luigi Cocco Ethnographic Collection, which highlights Sardinian folk art, textiles, ceramics, and traditional crafts, offering a glimpse into the island’s cultural heritage.
The Citadel’s historical significance extends beyond its museums, as the site itself reflects centuries of Cagliari’s past. Originally outside the Pisan-era walls, it was later incorporated into the city’s fortifications, with remnants of its defensive structures, including bastions and prison towers, still visible today. During the Spanish rule, it became one of the most fortified areas of Cagliari, featuring barbicans, drawbridges, and bastions. However, by the 16th century, advancements in artillery led to modifications and demolitions of some defensive walls.
Among the most notable institutions within the complex is the National Archaeological Museum, which holds an extensive collection of Nuragic bronzes, Phoenician relics, Punic artifacts, and Roman sculptures, providing insight into Sardinia’s ancient civilizations. Another highlight is the National Art Gallery, which showcases medieval and Baroque-era Sardinian and Catalan paintings, including intricate altarpieces salvaged from churches that were destroyed during World War II.
Beyond archaeology and fine art, the Citadel also houses some more unusual exhibits, making it an intriguing destination for a wide range of visitors. One such collection is the Anatomical Wax Museum, which contains meticulously crafted wax models of human anatomy, used historically for medical studies. While some visitors find the exhibition fascinating, others consider it slightly unsettling due to the detailed nature of the models.
Additionally, the Museum of Siamese Art presents a unique contrast to the other displays, offering a collection of artifacts and artwork from Thailand, a rare find in European museums. Completing the complex is the Luigi Cocco Ethnographic Collection, which highlights Sardinian folk art, textiles, ceramics, and traditional crafts, offering a glimpse into the island’s cultural heritage.
The Citadel’s historical significance extends beyond its museums, as the site itself reflects centuries of Cagliari’s past. Originally outside the Pisan-era walls, it was later incorporated into the city’s fortifications, with remnants of its defensive structures, including bastions and prison towers, still visible today. During the Spanish rule, it became one of the most fortified areas of Cagliari, featuring barbicans, drawbridges, and bastions. However, by the 16th century, advancements in artillery led to modifications and demolitions of some defensive walls.
10) Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Cagliari (National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari) (must see)
The National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari is the most important archaeological institution in Sardinia, showcasing a vast collection of artifacts that trace the island’s history from prehistoric times to the Byzantine era. Since 1993, it has been housed within the Citadel of Museums. The museum’s exhibitions span four floors, offering visitors a chronological journey through Sardinian civilizations.
The first floor highlights major cultural phases, from the Neolithic period to the Byzantine age, while an important section is dedicated to the reconstruction of the tophet of Tharros, a sacred Punic burial site. The second and third floors present artifacts from significant archaeological sites in Cagliari and Oristano, emphasizing the region's historical importance. The fourth floor is reserved for temporary exhibitions, with one of its most notable displays being the "Mont'e Prama 1974-2014" exhibition, which showcases the famous Nuragic statues of Mont'e Prama.
Since 2019, the museum has operated with special autonomy under the Ministry of Culture. Its archaeological collection includes over 4,000 artifacts, reflecting nearly 7,000 years of history. Among its most significant pieces are Neolithic mother goddess figurines, Nuragic bronzes, Phoenician and Punic jewelry, Roman statues, and Byzantine religious objects. Additionally, the museum holds a remarkable ethnographic collection, which includes traditional Sardinian textiles, ceramics, weapons, and jewelry, as well as a rare 11th-century bronze aquamanile (a vessel used for handwashing rituals).
The museum offers a detailed exploration of the island’s evolution, from prehistoric communities and the Nuragic civilization to Punic, Roman, and Byzantine influences. By merging archaeology, art, and ethnography, the museum allows for a deep and immersive experience, making it an essential destination for anyone interested in the history of the Mediterranean and the civilizations that shaped Sardinia over millennia.
The first floor highlights major cultural phases, from the Neolithic period to the Byzantine age, while an important section is dedicated to the reconstruction of the tophet of Tharros, a sacred Punic burial site. The second and third floors present artifacts from significant archaeological sites in Cagliari and Oristano, emphasizing the region's historical importance. The fourth floor is reserved for temporary exhibitions, with one of its most notable displays being the "Mont'e Prama 1974-2014" exhibition, which showcases the famous Nuragic statues of Mont'e Prama.
Since 2019, the museum has operated with special autonomy under the Ministry of Culture. Its archaeological collection includes over 4,000 artifacts, reflecting nearly 7,000 years of history. Among its most significant pieces are Neolithic mother goddess figurines, Nuragic bronzes, Phoenician and Punic jewelry, Roman statues, and Byzantine religious objects. Additionally, the museum holds a remarkable ethnographic collection, which includes traditional Sardinian textiles, ceramics, weapons, and jewelry, as well as a rare 11th-century bronze aquamanile (a vessel used for handwashing rituals).
The museum offers a detailed exploration of the island’s evolution, from prehistoric communities and the Nuragic civilization to Punic, Roman, and Byzantine influences. By merging archaeology, art, and ethnography, the museum allows for a deep and immersive experience, making it an essential destination for anyone interested in the history of the Mediterranean and the civilizations that shaped Sardinia over millennia.
11) Mercato Civico di San Benedetto (San Benedetto Civic Market) (must see)
The San Benedetto Civic Market is the city’s largest and most vibrant marketplace, offering an authentic glimpse into local Sardinian life. Opened in 1957, the market spans 8,000 square meters across two floors, making it one of the largest covered markets in Europe. The ground floor is entirely dedicated to seafood, featuring one of Italy’s most impressive fish markets, where visitors can find an astonishing variety of fresh fish, shellfish, squid, snails, and eels, all displayed by lively vendors calling out to customers. The upper floor houses an array of meat, fruits, vegetables, cheeses, and local specialties, providing a sensory overload of colors, scents, and flavors that highlight Sardinia’s rich agricultural and culinary traditions.
Beyond being a shopping hub for locals, the San Benedetto Civic Market is an essential stop for tourists looking to experience the island’s food culture. The market is well-known for its Sardinian sheep cheeses, such as pecorino sardo, and its distinctive handmade pasta varieties, perfect for those wanting to bring a piece of Sardinia home. Visitors can also find a fresh bakery in the basement, offering warm loaves of bread, perfect for pairing with fresh seafood or cured meats. If you visit around lunchtime, many vendors serve freshly fried fish, a must-try experience. For an unforgettable moment, take your market-bought lunch to the nearby port and enjoy a meal while overlooking the calm Mediterranean Sea.
More than just a marketplace, San Benedetto is a symbol of Cagliari’s identity, bringing together generations of vendors and customers in a lively and community-driven atmosphere. Throughout the year, the market hosts seasonal events and cooking demonstrations, showcasing the diversity of Sardinian cuisine. Whether you're a food enthusiast, a home cook, or simply a traveler eager to explore local flavors, San Benedetto Market is a must-visit destination that embodies the spirit and culinary heritage of Cagliari.
Beyond being a shopping hub for locals, the San Benedetto Civic Market is an essential stop for tourists looking to experience the island’s food culture. The market is well-known for its Sardinian sheep cheeses, such as pecorino sardo, and its distinctive handmade pasta varieties, perfect for those wanting to bring a piece of Sardinia home. Visitors can also find a fresh bakery in the basement, offering warm loaves of bread, perfect for pairing with fresh seafood or cured meats. If you visit around lunchtime, many vendors serve freshly fried fish, a must-try experience. For an unforgettable moment, take your market-bought lunch to the nearby port and enjoy a meal while overlooking the calm Mediterranean Sea.
More than just a marketplace, San Benedetto is a symbol of Cagliari’s identity, bringing together generations of vendors and customers in a lively and community-driven atmosphere. Throughout the year, the market hosts seasonal events and cooking demonstrations, showcasing the diversity of Sardinian cuisine. Whether you're a food enthusiast, a home cook, or simply a traveler eager to explore local flavors, San Benedetto Market is a must-visit destination that embodies the spirit and culinary heritage of Cagliari.
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